முதலாம் இராஜேந்திர சோழனின் கல்விக் கொள்கை
முனைவர் ஜெ.ஆர்.சிவராமகிருஷ்ணன்
உதவிப்பேராசிரியர்
வரலாற்றுத்துறை
குந்தவை நாச்சியார் அரசு மகளிர் கலைக் கல்லூரி
தஞ்சாவூர்
Kd;Diu
rptfq;if
khtl;lk; fPob mfoha;tpy; fpilj;j kl;ghz;l jkpo; vOj;JUf;fs; 2600 Mz;Lfs; goikahdit.
fle;j 2009 Mk; Mz;L eilngw;w nghUe;jy; mfoha;tpy; fpilj;j kl;ghz;l fPwy; jkpo;
vOj;Jf;fs; fp.K. 490 Mz;Lfs; gioik tha;e;jit.
fPob> nghUe;jy; ,uz;bd; fhytiuaiw mwptpay; g+h;tkhf
fzpf;fg;gl;lit. vdNt> tl,e;jpahtpy;
Ml;rp nra;j mNrhfh; fhyj;jpw;F Kd;ghfNt jkpoh;fs; vOj gbf;f njhpe;jpUe;jdh;
vd;gJ ngUikf;Fwpa xd;whFk;. xU ,dj;jpd;
nkhop tsh;r;rpNa mt;tpdj;jpd; mwpT tsh;r;rpf;fhd jpwTNfhy;. me;j mbg;gilapy; gz;ila jkpoh;fs; nkhopia
tsh;j;J mjd;t+Nl jq;fsJ mwpT jpwid ngUf;fpf;nfhz;ldh;. fw;wypd; tpisthf fly;Nkyhz;ik> cyfth;j;jfj;ij
Cf;Ftpj;J me;jpar; nrythzpia <l;Lk; nghUshjhu nfhs;if> ePh;Nkyhz;ik
El;gk;> Njh;jy; kw;Wk; murpay; Nfhl;ghLfs; vd midj;J JiwfspYk;> mth;fshy;
rhjpf;f Kbe;jJ.,Jjhd; fw;wypd; Kjy; gbahFk;.
mjdhy; jhd; etPdAf fy;tpahsh;fs; $l kdpjDf;F mtdJ jha;nkhopapNyNa
fy;tpahdJ Nghjpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W typAWj;Jfpd;wdh;.
,yf;fpaAfk;
Rkhh; 2000
Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G Njhd;wpa rq;ffhyj;ij ,yf;fpaAfk; vd;W jkpo; mwpQh;fs; miof;fpd;wdh;. ,ij fy;tpahsh;fs; fy;tpg;Gul;rpf;F fpilj;j
ntw;wpahFk; vd;fpd;wdh;. rq;;f
,yf;fpaq;fspy; ifahsg;gl;Ls;s ,yf;fz kw;Wk; nkhopapay; eilia ghh;f;Fk; nghOJ
fz;bg;ghf KiwgLj;jg;gl;l fy;tpKiw mf;fhyj;jpy; Nghjpf;fg;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,g;gzpia gz;ila fhyj;jpy; rkzg;gs;spfs;>
Gj;j kjj;ijr; rhh;e;j tpfhuq;fs;> klq;fs;> Nfhapy;fs; Nghd;wit khDlh;f;F
tho;tpay; fy;tpia Nghjpf;Fk; ikaq;fshf tpsq;fpd.
gz;ilfhy fy;tp Kiw
,e;jpahtpy;
Njhd;wpa gz;ilafhy fy;tp KiwahdJ FUFy fy;tp KiwahFk;. Mrphpah; trpf;Fk; ,lNk fy;tpr;rhiyahFk;. ,it ngUk;ghYk; ,aw;if #oy; rhh;e;j
tdg;gFjpapy; mike;jpUe;jJ. ,q;F ,jpfhrk;> tuyhW> jh;f;fk;> ,yf;fpak;>
fzpjk;> thdrh];jpuk;> kUj;Jtk;> jh;k#j;jpuk;> Ntjq;fs;>
Guhzq;fs; Nghd;wit khzth;fSf;F Nghjpf;fg;gl;ld.
Nghjpf;fg;gLk; Mrphpah;fis FU> Mr;rhh;ah> cghj;jpahah;>
gl;lh;> gz;bjh;> Nghjfh; vd;w ngah;fspy; miof;fg;gl;ldh;. fy;tpgapYk; khzth;fis rl;lh;> gps;is>
rp\;ah> rhj;jpuh;> mg+h;tpfs; vd mioj;jdh;.,j;jifa ghlrhiyfs; jkpofj;jpy;
gy;yth; kw;Wk; Nrhoh; fhyj;jpy; mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy; ,Ue;jd. Fwpg;ghf vz;zhapuk;>
jpUg;ghjphpg;Gypa+h;> jpUGtid> jpUKf;$ly;> jpUthLJiw>
jpUnthw;wpa+h;> gh$h; Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; fy;tpr;rhiyfs; ,Ue;Js;sij fy;ntl;Lf;fs;
topahf mwpaKbfpwJ.,q;F jw;fhy jpl;lkplg;gl;l fy;tp Kiwiag; Nghd;W ,y;yhky;>
tiuaWf;fg;gl;l fy;tp Kiw gpd;gw;wg;gl;lJ. jpl;lkplg;gl;l fy;tpKiwapy; midtUf;Fk;
fy;tp fpilf;Fk;. Mdhy; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l fy;tpapy; midtUf;Fk; fy;tp vd;gJ
vl;lhf;fdpahFk;. ,J gz;ilafhy fy;tp Kiwapy; ,Ue;j kpfg;nghpa ,lh;ghlhFk;.
Nrhoh; fhy fy;tpf;
$lq;fs;
Nrhoh;; fhyj;jpy; ngUk;ghYk; Nfhapy; tshfNk khzth;fs;
fy;tpfw;Fk; ikaq;fshf ,Ue;jd.gz;ila fhyj;jpy; njhlf;f fy;tpahdJ FUFyj;jpy;
Nghjpf;fg; gl;lij Nghd;W cah;fy;tpf;nfd jdpahf fy;Y}hpfSk; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;bUe;jd.
gz;ila jkpofj;jpy; vz;zhapuk;> jpUg;ghjphpg;Gypa+h;> jpUKf;$ly;>jpUthLJiw>
jpUnthw;wpa+h;> fq;if nfhz;l NrhoGuk; Nghd;w Ch;fspy; ,Ue;j fy;tpf;
$lq;fisg; gw;wp fy;ntl;Lf;fs; kw;Wk; ,yf;fpaq;fs; thapyhf mjd; nray;ghLfs;
Fwpj;J tphpthf mwpaKbfpwJ. fy;tpf;
$lq;fshy; kl;LNk xU FbkfDf;Fj; jukhd fy;tpia toq;f KbAk; vd;gjpy; mf;fhy
kd;dh;fs; cWjpahf ,Ue;Js;sdh;. ,jw;F rhd;whf
tpsq;FtJ Kjyhk; ,uhN[e;jpu Nrhodhy; epWtg;gl;l vz;zhapuk; Ntjf;fy;Y}hpia
Fwpg;gplyhk;.
vz;zhapuk; Ntjf;
fy;Y}hp
Nrhoh; fhyj;jpy;
cah;fy;tpahdJ Kw;wpYk; ,ytrkhftoq;fg;gl;lJ.,f;fy;tp epiyaq;fs; ngWk;ghYk; cz;LTiwAs;
fy;tpf; $lq;fshfNt ,Ue;Js;sd. Fwpg;ghf
tl,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;j ehse;jh gy;fiyf; fofj;jpw;F ,izahf Nrhoh;fs; fhyj;jpy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;bUe;j
fy;Y}hpAk; juk; tha;e;jitfshNt,Ue;jd.vz;zhapuk; Ntjf;fy;Y}hpahdJ jw;fhy
fy;Y}hpfSf;nfy;yhk; Kd; khjphpahf jpfo;e;Js;sJ vd;gNj mjd; jdpr;rpwg;G. ,f;
fy;Y}hpapd; nray;ghLfs; Fwpj;J mofpa eurpq;fg; ngUkhs; Nfhapypy; fy;ntl;Lf;fshf
nghwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. fy;Y}hpapd; nray;ghLfs; ve;jtpjj;jpYk; jilapy;yhky;
khzth;fSf;F ePbj;jf; fy;tpapid toq;fNtz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf Kjyhk;,uhN[e;jpuNrhodhy;
epiyahd itg;Gepjpahf epyq;fs; jhdkhf toq;fg;gl;bUe;jJ.
ghlj;jpl;l tbtikg;G
vz;zhapuk;
fy;Y}hpapy;> hpf;Ntjk;> a#h; Ntjk;> rhkNtjk;>mjh;tz Ntjk;>rhe;Njhf;fpak;>
jy thf;fhu>th[rdpa. gFjhd;ak;>
fpNuak;> fy;gk; fhlfk;>&ghtjhuk;> tpahfuzk;>
g+h;tkPkhk;ir> Ntjhe;j kPk;khk;ir>vd gjpndhU tifahd ghlq;fs; gapw;W
tpf;fg;gl;ld. nkhj;jk; 340 khzth;fs;
,f;fy;Y}hpapy; gapd;wdh;. ,jpy;
gpuk;krhhpak; vd;wiof;fg;gl;l ,sepiy khzth;fs; (UG)270 Ngh;. rhj;jpuh;
vd;W miof;fg;gl;l KJepiy khzth;fs; (PG) 70 NgUk; fy;tp gapd;wdh;.
|
t.vz; |
fw;gpf;fg;gl;l
ghlq;fspd; ngah;fs; |
khzth;fs;
vz;zpf;if |
|
1. |
Hpf;Ntjk; |
75 |
|
2. |
a]_h; Ntjk; |
75 |
|
3. |
rhe;Njhf;fpak;> rhkNtjk; |
20 |
|
4. |
jythf;fhu> rhkNtjk; |
20 |
|
5. |
th[rdpa |
20 |
|
6. |
gFjhd;ak;>fpNuak;>fy;gk;>fhlfk; |
10 |
|
7. |
mjh;tdNtjk; |
10 |
|
8. |
&ghtjhuk; |
40 |
|
|
,sepiy khzth;fs; (UG) gpuk;krhhpfs; |
270 |
|
1. |
tpahfuzk; |
25 |
|
2. |
gpuhgfuk; |
35 |
|
3. |
Ntjhe;j kPkhk;;ir |
10 |
|
|
KJepiy khzth;fs; (PG) rhj;jpuh;fs; |
70 |
|
|
270 + 70 nkhj;j khzth;fs; |
340 |
ghl tpsf;fk;
Ntj ghlq;fs; : hpf;Ntjk;>a#h; Ntjk;> rhkNtjk;>mjh;td
Ntjk;
gpw ghlq;fs; : rhe;Njhf;fpak;> jythf;fhu>th[rdpa>
gFjhd;ak;>
fpNuak;> fy;gk;> fhlfk;> gpughfuk;>tpahf;fuzk;>
g+h;tkPkhk;ir>Ntjhe;jkPkhk;ir>&ghtjhuk;.
fpNuak; : tpw;gid>
th;j;jf njhlh;gpay;
fy;gk; : Afq;fs;> fhyq;fis gw;wpa Ma;T
fhlfk; : Ntjj;jpd;
xU gphpT - ,g;ghlk; ,aw;if #o;e;j
fhl;by;
elj;jg;gl;lJ.
&ghtjhuk; : rk];fpUj ,yf;fpaj;ijg;gw;wp fw;Fk; Kiw
tpahfuzk; : ,yf;fzk;
gFjhd;ak; : fhyfzf;F>
tUlk;> khjk;> ehs;> kzp> nehb>
kdpjdpd;
gpwg;G fzpg;G.
gpughfuk; : gpughfuuhy; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l rkak;
g+h;tkPkhk;ir : fHk tpidfisg; gw;wpaJ
Ntjhe;jkPkhk;ir : rh];jpuq;fs;>
ahfj;jpd; gyd;fs;
jythf;fhu : rk;`Pij
Mrphpah;fs;
gjpndhW ghlq;fis Nghjpg;gjw;F gjpide;J Mrphpah;fs;
epakpf;fg;gl;bUe;jdh;. ,jpy; ,sepiyf;F
12 MrphpaUk;> KJepiyf;F %d;W MrphpaUk; gzpepakdk; nra;ag;gl;bUe;jdh;. NkYk;
fy;Y}hpapy; gapYk; khzth;fspd; fw;wy; Nkk;ghl;Lj;jpwd; rhpahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;
vd;gJ KOftzj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ.mjhtJ ,sq;fiyf;F 1:22 vd;w tpfpjj;jpYk;>
KJepiyf;F 1:23 vd;w mbg;gbapYk; Mrphpah;fs; gzpakh;j;jg;gl;bUe;jdh;. ,jd;%yk; mf;fhyj;jpy; fw;wy;> fw;gpj;jy;
jpwd; Nkk;ghl;by; ek;kth;fs; nfhz;bUe;j cahpa mf;fiwapid czuKbfpwJ.
|
t.vz; |
fw;gpf;fg;gl;l ghlq;fs; |
Mrphpah;fspd; vz;zpf;if |
|
1. |
Hpf;Ntjk; |
3 |
|
2. |
a#h; Ntjk; |
3 |
|
3. |
rhe;Njhf;fpak;>
rhkNtjk; |
1 |
|
4. |
jythf;fhu>
rhkNtjk; |
1 |
|
5. |
th[rdpa |
1 |
|
6. |
gFjhd;ak;>
fpNuak;> fy;gk;> fhlfk; |
1 |
|
7. |
mjh;td Ntjk; |
1 |
|
8. |
&ghtjhuk; |
1 |
|
9. |
tpahf;fuzk; |
1 |
|
10. |
g+h;tkPkhk;ir>
gpughfuk; |
1 |
|
11. |
Ntjhe;jkPkhk;ir |
1 |
|
Mrphpah;fspd; vz;zpf;if |
15 |
|
jw;NghJ ,e;jpa khzth;fspd; fy;tpj;juj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf
eLtz; kw;Wk; khepy muRfs; fLikahf NghuhbtUfpd;wd. mjdhy;jhd; gs;spfspy; jw;NghJ 1:35 Kjy; 1:40
tiu Mrphpah; khzth; tpfpjk; eph;zak; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk; gy;fiyf;fof khdpaf; FONth cah;fy;tpapy;
khzth; Mrphpah; tpfpjhr;rhuk; 1:20 vd;W eph;zak; nra;Js;sJ. Mdhy; 800 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G khzth;>
Mrphpah;fspd; fw;wy; fw;gpj;jy; jpwd; ntw;wpaila 1:23 vd;w mstpy; Mrphpah;fs;
,Ue;jhy;jhd; mwpthh;e;j khzth;fis cUthf;f KbAk; vd;gJ Kjyhk;,uhN[e;jpuNrhodpd;
fy;tpapay; Nfhl;ghl;bd; gpujhd Nehf;fkhf ,Ue;Js;sJ.
,sepiy Mrphpah;fSf;F
toq;fg;gl;l ey;if
vz;zhapuk;
fy;Y}hpapy; gzpGhpe;j Mrphpah;fspd; jFjp mbg;gilapy; KJepiy> ,sepiy
Mrphpah;fs; vd gphpf;fg;gl;L mth;fSf;fhd khjrk;gsk; eph;zak; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. cjhuzkhf
mjh;tdNtj;ij Nghjpf;Fk; ,sepiy Mrphpah; xUtUf;F ehnshd;Wf;F gzkhf xU foQ;R
nghd; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. xU foQ;R vd;gJ
5.33 fpuhk;. ,jd; jw;Nghija kjpg;G Rkhh15,457&ghahFk;.
xU fyd; vd;gJ 96 gb (,jd; jw;Nghja kjpg;G 1920 &ghahFk; (15,457+1920=17,377) vdNt xU MrpaUf;F jw;fhy kjpg;Ggb 17,337&gha; kjpg;gpyhd ey;if toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk;
>jhuk; Nghjpf;Fk; xU MrphpaUf;F miw foQ;R (2.665 fpuhk;) %d;W FWzp ney;
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. %d;W FWzp vd;gJ 24
gbfshFk;. ,jd; jw;Nghija kjpg;G Rkhh; 480 &gha;. vdNt ,t;thrphpaUf;F8,209&gha; kjpg;gpyhd
rk;gsk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Kjyhk;
,uhN[e;jpuNrhod; fhyj;jpy; ,sepiy Mrphpah; xUtUf;F jw;fhy kjpg;gpd;gb ruhrhpahf
Rkhh; 18,000&gha; xU ehisf;fhd
ey;ifahf toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,sepiy (UG) Mrphpah;fSf;F ehs;
xd;Wf;F toq;fg;gl;l Cjpa ey;ifapd; tptug;gl;bay;.
|
t. vz; |
fw;gpf;fg;gl;l ghlq;fs; |
Mrphpah; vz;zpf;if |
ey;ifapd; tptuk; |
||
|
gzk; |
kjpg;G |
ney; |
|||
|
1. |
hpf;Ntjk; |
3 |
3foQ;R |
15.99
fpuhk; |
&ghtjhu
Mrphpah; jtpu kw;w midtUf;Fk; ehs; xd;Wf;F nkhj;jkhf 30 fyk; ney;
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ |
|
2. |
a]_h; Ntjk; |
3 |
3foQ;R |
15.99
fpuhk; |
|
|
3. |
rhe;Njhf;fpak;>
rhkNtjk; |
1 |
1foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
|
|
4. |
jythf;fhu>
rhkNtjk; |
1 |
1foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
|
|
5. |
th[rdpa |
1 |
1foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
|
|
6. |
gFjhd;a> fpNuak;>
fhlfk;> fy;gk;. |
1 |
1foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
|
|
7. |
mjh;td Ntjk; |
1 |
1foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
|
|
8. |
&ghtjhuk; |
1 |
½ foQ;R |
2.665fpuhk; |
3-
FWzp |
|
nkhj;j
Mrphpah;fs; |
12 |
12 ½ foQ;R |
---------- |
------------ |
|
KJepiy Mrphpahpd; ey;if
KJepiy
ghlg;gphptpy; tpahf;fuzk; vd;w ghlj;ij Nghjpf;Fk; Mrphpah; xUtUf;F ehnshd;Wf;F
xU foq;R nghd;> xU fyk;; ney;
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.,jd; jw;Nghija kjpg;G 15>457 &gha;. xU fyk; ney; 96
gbfshFk;. ,jd; jw;Nghija kjpg;G Rkhh; 1>920 &gha;fshFk;.
vdNt xU KJepiy MrphpaUf;F 17>377 &gha; xU ehisf;fhd ey;ifahf toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j
cahpa rk;gsq;fs; Fwpj;J jw;nghOJ ehk; tpkh;rdq;fs; $l nra;ayhk;. Mdhy; ,J tpkh;rdj;jpw;F
mg;ghw; gl;ljhff; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. fhuzk; fw;wy;> fw;gpj;jy; rhpahf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;w r%f mf;fiwAk;> nghWg;Gk; ek; kd;dh;fsplk; ,Ue;jjhy;jhd; ,e;j
cahpa ey;if Mrphpah;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;ljw;F fhuzkhff; $l ,Uf;fyhk;.
KJepiy
(PG)Mrphpah;fSf;F ehs; xd;Wf;F toq;fg;gl;l Cjpa ey;ifapd; tptug;gl;bay;
|
t.vz; |
fw;gpf;fg;gl;l glq;fs; |
Mrphpah; |
ey;ifapd; tptuk; |
|||
|
|
|
|
gzk; |
kjpg;G |
ney; |
kjpg;G |
|
1. |
tpahf;fuzk; |
1 |
xU foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
1
fyk; |
96
gb |
|
2. |
gpuhgfuk;>g+h;tkPkhk;ir |
1 |
xU foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
1
fyk; |
96
gb |
|
3. |
Ntjhe;j kPkhk;ir |
1 |
xU foQ;R |
5.33
fpuhk; |
1
J}zp |
32
gb |
|
nkhj;jk; |
15.99
fpuhk; |
nkhj;jk; |
224
gb |
|||
|
xU
foQ;R 5.33 fpuhk; = 5.33X2900= 15,457
xU fpuhk; &gha;= 2900 xU fyk; = 96 gb = 96 X 20 = 1,920 xUgb ney; &gha; = 20 KJ
epiy Mrphpah; xUtUf;F ehs; xd;Wf;F eph;zaf;fg;gl;l ey;ifapd; jw;fhy kjp;g;G &gha;
=17,377 MFk;. Ntjhe;jk; Mrphpah;f;F &gha; =16,097MFk;. |
||||||
khzth;fSf;F fy;tp Cf;fj;njhif
gz;ilafhyj;jpy;
fy;tpgapYk; khzth;fSf;F jw;NghJ murhy; toq;fg;gLtij Nghd;W fy;tp Cf;fj;njhif
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jw;F vz;zhapuk; fy;ntl;Nl jf;fr; rhd;whFk;. Fwpg;ghf,f;fy;Y}hpapy;
,sepiy kw;Wk; KJepiy gapYk; xt;nthU khztUf;Fk; rpwg;G Cf;fj;njhif nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,sepiy khzth;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l Cf;fj;njhif
,f; fy;Y}hpapy; ,sepiy tFg;gpy; vl;L ghlg;gphpTfspy;270 khzth;fs; fy;tp
gapd;Ws;sdh;.; khzth; xt;nthUtUf;Fk; ehnshd;Wf;F MW ehop ney; ey;ifahf
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. MW ehop vd;gJ MW gbahFk;. xU khztDf;F ,d;iwa kjpg;Gg;gb ehs;
NjhWk; &gha; 120 kjpg;gpyhd ney;> ey;ifahf toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd; %yk; khzth;fSf;F
fw;wypy; ,Ue;J nghUshjhr; rpf;fy;fSf;F epue;juj; jPh;T fhzg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,sepiy (UG) gapYk; khzth;fSf;F
(gpukr;rhhpad;) ehs; NjhWk; toq;fg;gl;l ey;ifapd; tptug;gl;bay;.
|
t.vz; |
ghlq;fspd; tptuk; |
khzth;fs; |
ey;ifapd; tptuk; |
||
|
1. |
upf;Ntjk; |
75 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
2. |
a]{h;
Ntjk; |
75 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
3. |
rhe;Njhf;fpak;>
rhkNtjk; |
20 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
4. |
jythf;fhu>
rhkNtjk;. |
20 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
5. |
th[rdpa |
20 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
6. |
gFjhd;ak;>
fpNuak;> fy;gk;> fhlfk; |
10 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
7. |
mjh;tdNtjk; |
10 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
8. |
&ghtjhuk; |
40 |
--- |
6
ehop |
6
gb |
|
nkhj;jk; |
270 |
--- |
48
ehop |
48
gbfs; |
|
KJ epiy khzth;fs; - rl;lh;
KJepiy
tFg;ghdJ %d;W ghlg;gphpTfis nfhz;lJ. ,jpy; 70 khzth;fs; fy;tp gapd;wdh;. ,sepiy
khzth;fisg; Nghd;W ,k;khzth;fSf;Fk; fy;tp cjtpj;njhif toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. xt;nthU
khzth;f;Fk; ehnshd;Wf;F xU FWzp> ,uz;L ehop ney; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjhtJ 10
gb ney; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ.,jd; jw;fhy kjpg;G &gha; 200. NkYk; miw foQ;R nghd;toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
miw foQ;R vd;gJ 2.665 fpuhk;.. ,jd; jw;Nghija kjpg;G Rkhh; 7>729 &ghahFk;.
vdNt xU KJepiy gapYk; khztDf;F jw;fhy kjpg;gpd;gb xU ehisf;F 7>929 &gha;
kjpg;gpyhd ey;if toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
|
t.vz; |
fw;gpf;fg;gl;l ghlq;fs; |
khzth;fs; |
khzth;fSf;F xU ehisf;F toq;fg;gl;l ey;ifapd; tptuk; |
|
|
fhR |
ney; |
|||
|
1. |
tpahfuzk; |
25 |
ehs; NjhWk; ½
foQ;R> xt;nthU khztDf;Fk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ |
1 FWzp 2 ehop |
|
2. |
gpuhgfuk;
g+h;tkPkhk;ir |
35 |
ehs; NjhWk; ½
foQ;R> xt;nthU khztDf;Fk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ |
1 FWzp 2 ehop |
|
3. |
Ntjhe;j kPkhk;ir |
10 |
ehs; NjhWk; ½
foQ;R> xt;nthU khztDf;Fk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ |
1 FWzp 2 ehop |
|
nkhj;j
khzth;fs; |
70 |
nkhj;jk;=
35 foQ;R35 |
- |
|
tpLjpf;fhd epue;ju itg;G
vz;zhapuk;
Ntjf;fhy;Y}hpapy; gapYk; khzth;fs; kw;Wk; Mrphpah;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l
ey;iffSf;fhfTk; jq;Fk; tpLjpf;F Njitahd ney;Yk; jilapd;wp fpilf;f epue;ju
khdpakhf tpisepyq;fs; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.mjhtJ ,uhruhrrJh;Ntjpkq;fyk;,uhruhr
tpz;zfh; Nfhapypy; mike;jpUe;j Ntjf;fy;Y}apy;> gzpahw;Wfpd;w Mrphpah;kw;Wk;
khzth;fspd;tpLjp eph;thf nrytpw;fhf 45 Ntypepyk; epue;ju
itg;ghf;fg;gl;bUe;J. ,jd; jw;fhy kjpg;G 247.5 Vf;fuhFk;. ,e;epyq;fspd; %yk;
fpilf;Fk; nkhj;j tUthAk; ,f;fy;Y}hpapd; eph;thfj;jpw;Nf nryT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
,e;epyq;fs; gtpj;jpukhdpf;f ey;Y}h;, ,uhruhrey;Y}h;, GUehuhaz
ey;Y}h;Mfpa %d;W Ch;fisr; rhh;e;jjhFk;.
tpLjp
eph;thfk;
vz;zhapuk;Ntjf;fy;Y}hp
cz;L ciwAs; fy;Y}hpahFk;. fy;Y}hp epWtg;gl;ljd; Nehf;fk; ntw;wp ngWtjw;fhfNt ,uh[e;jpuNrhod; kpfg;nghpa khzth; tpLjpnahd;iw fy;Y}hp
tshfj;jpw;Fs;NyNa epWtpdhd;. mjw;F ,uhN[e;jpuNrhod; rhiy vdngahpl;Ls;sij
vz;zhapuk; fy;ntl;LngUikahf; $Wfpd;wJ. ,t;tpLjpapy; jq;Fk; Mrphpah; kw;Wk;
khzth;fsplkpUe;J ve;jtpj ey;ifAk; ngwg;gltpy;iy vd;gJ $Ljy; rpwg;ghFk;.
Kw;wpYk; ,ytrkhf ,t;tpLjp nray;gl;L te;jJ. Ntj;jpy; ty;y 506 gpuhkzh;fs; itzt
mbahh;fs; khzth;fs; Nghd;Nwhh;f;F jpdk; jilapy;yhky; ,ytr czT toq;fg;gl;lJ.
tpLjpf;Fj; njitahd nea;, ghy;, japh;> tpwF
Nghd;w midj;J nghUl;fisAk; thq;Ftjw;fhf ,uhruhr rJh;Ntjpkq;fyk; njw;F
filtPjpapy; tpaghuk; nra;j tzpfh;fsplkpUe;J t#ypf;fg;gl;l thpj;njhif KOtJk;
nryT nra;ag;gl;lJ. NkYk; tpLjp eph;thfk; muR kw;Wk; Ch;thhpa ngUkf;fspd; Neub fz;fhzpg;gpy;
nray;gl;lJ.
jkpo;
fy;Y}hp
jQ;ir
nghpaf;Nfhapypy; cs;s Kjyhk; ,uhN[e;jpu Nrhodpd; 19 Mk; Ml;rpahz;L fy;ntl;by;
jkpOf;F ngUik Nrh;f;Fk; tifapy; Njthuf; fy;Y}hp xd;iw
fp.gp. 1031 Mk; Mz;L ,uhN[e;jpuNrhod; jkJ jiyefuhd fq;ifnfhz;l NrhoGuj;jpy;
epWtpAs;sij Rl;LfpwJ. ,f;fy;Y}hpahdJ Kbnfhz;l Nrhod; muz;kid tshfj;jpd; tlf;F
gFjpapy; mikf;fg;gl;bUe;jij “Kbnfhz;l Nrhod; jpUkhspifapy;
tlf;F gf;fj;J Njthuj;Jr; Rw;wpf; fy;Y}hp”
vd fy;ntl;L Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. NkYk; ,f;fy;Y}hpapy; gzpahw;wpa jkJ FUthd rh;t
rptgz;bjh;f;F toq;fg;gl;l M]hh;aNghfj;jpw;Fk;> mtUila khzth;fSf;Fk; Nrh;j;J jQ;irg; nghpaf;nfhapy; =gz;lhuj;jpy; ,Ue;J Mz;L NjhWk; 2000 fyk; ney; mse;J nfhLf;Fk;gb Mizapl;Ls;sij ,f;fy;ntl;L Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. 2000 fyk; vd;gJ 1920 %l;ilfshFk;. ,jd; jw;Nghija kjpg;G Rkhh; 3>84>000 &gha; MFk;. NkYk; rh;trpt gz;bjhplk; MhpaNjrk;> kj;jpaNjrk>; nfslNjrk; Nghd;w tl,e;jpa ehLfspy; ,Ue;J te;j
khzth;fs; fq;if nfhz;l NrhoGuk; Njthu Rw;Wf; fy;Y}hpapy; gapd;Ws;sdh;. ntspNjr
khzth;fis g;u]p\~;ah; vd;Wk; cs;ehl;ilr; rhh;e;j khzth;fis ]p\~;ah; vd;Wk;
nghpaf;Nfhapy; fy;ntl;L Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. vdNt ,f;fy;Y}hpapy; cs;ehL kw;Wk; gpwehl;L
khzth;fSk; gapd;Ws;sdh; vdyhk;.
KbTiu
xUehl;bd;
Kd;Ndw;wk; me;ehl;by; toq;fg;gLk; fy;tpawpit nghWj;Nj mikAk;.,jid fUj;jpy;
nfhz;l md;iwa Mq;fpNya muR fp.gp. 1834 Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa kf;fSf;F fy;tpia
Nghjpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf md;W fth;dh; n[duyhf ,Ue;j tpy;ypak; ngz;bq;gpuG
yz;ldpy; ,Ue;J nkf;fhNy gpuGit tutioj;J ,e;jpa kf;fSf;F vg;gbg;gl;l fy;tp
toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;w Ma;it Nkw;nfhs;sr; nra;jhH.nkf;fhNy je;j Ma;twpf;ifia
ngw;W mjdbg;gilapy; fy;tp rPh;jpUj;jq;fis Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. gpwF te;j ly;n`srp
gpuGtpw;F nkf;fhNy mwpf;ifapy; jpUg;jp Vw;glhjjhy; fp.gp. 1854 Mk; Mz;L rh; rhh;y]; Tl; vd;w Mq;fpNya fy;tpahsiu
nfhz;L ,e;jpa fy;tp epiyaq;fspy; gapYk; khzth;fspd; fy;tp juj;ij
cah;j;Jtjw;fhd ghpe;Jiu mwpf;ifia ngw;whh;. mt;twpf;ifapd; gb ,e;jpa
khzth;fSf;F Kjd; Kjyhf Njh;T Kiw mwpKfk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. NkYk; ,e;jpah;fSf;F
jukhd cah; fy;tpapid toq;Ftjw;fhf fy;fj;jh, Kk;ig,
nrd;id Nghd;w ngU efuq;fspy; gy;fiyf; fofq;fs; cUthf;fg;gl;ld. ,d;iwa
,e;jpa fy;tpf; nfhs;iff;F tpj;jpl;lth;fs; Mq;fpNya fy;tpahsh;fs; vd;W $Wk;
ek;kpy; vj;jid NgUf;F njhpAk;cyf fy;tp nfhs;iff;nfy;yhk; Kd;Ndhb ek; Nrho
kd;dh;fs; vd;gJ.
Fwpg;G E}y;gl;bay;
1.
njd;dpe;jpa fy;ntl;L klyk; - II, VIII, XXII
2.
,y. jpahfuh[d;, fq;if nfhz;l NrhoGuk; fy;ntl;Lf;fs;
3.
f. gd;dPh;nry;tk;, Kjyhk; ,uhN[e;jpuNrhoh;
(fp.gp. 1012-1044)
fy;ntl;Lf;fs;
fhl;Lfpd;w tuyhW
4.
A.R.E.,1917
5.
A TOPOGRAPHICAL LIST OF INSCRIPTIONS IN THE TAMIL NADU AND
KERALA STATES VOLUME – II SOUTH ARCOT DISRICT.
6.
jp.it. rjhrptgz;lhuj;jhh;, gpw;fhy Nrhoh; tuyhW.
7. rp. Nfhtpe;juhrd;, fy;ntl;Lf; fiyr;nrhy; mfuKjyp.
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